辨識與排序Identify & prioritise
參考 TCFD 建議及航空產業關注議題，盤點轉型與實體風險，再依衝擊程度與可能發生時程排序。Use TCFD recommendations and aviation priorities to assess transition and physical risks by impact and time horizon.
5 轉型風險Transition risks5 實體風險Physical risks
計畫摘要Executive Summary
高雄國際機場位處西北太平洋颱風廊道上，獨特的地理位置讓機場面臨強風豪雨複合型災害的威脅。依循《國家氣候變遷調適行動計畫》，自 2021 年起啟動「以科學為基礎之氣候變遷調適，建構韌性防災機場」計畫，以強化營運韌性。
本專案以 TCFD 框架與 IPCC 科學數據為基礎，並運用 ACI 氣候變遷調適工具進行評估，從「具韌性的基礎建設」與「完善的管理制度」兩方面，全方位提升氣候防禦韌性。
高雄機場以實戰經驗證明，透過前瞻性的氣候調適，能成功打造一座安全、永續且具韌性的標竿機場。
Kaohsiung International Airport lies in the typhoon corridor of the Northwest Pacific, a location that exposes it to compound hazards of strong wind and torrential rain. Guided by Taiwan’s National Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan, the airport launched its “Science-Based Climate Adaptation to Build a Disaster-Resilient Airport” programme in 2021 to strengthen operational resilience.
Grounded in the TCFD framework and IPCC science, and assessed with ACI’s climate adaptation tools, the programme raises climate resilience on two fronts: resilient infrastructure and robust management systems.
Kaohsiung Airport has proven in practice that forward-looking climate adaptation can deliver a safe, sustainable and resilient benchmark airport.
計畫背景Project Background
為什麼需要韌性Why resilience matters here
颱風曾導致地下室行李轉盤區域積水，嚴重衝擊營運服務與機場形象。
參據 IPCC AR6 及《臺灣氣候變遷科學報告》，世紀末強烈颱風侵臺率預估增加 50%，降雨強度亦將劇增；經 TCFD 鑑別，「暴雨」被確認為首要風險。本站遂於 2021 年推動「以科學為基礎之氣候變遷調適，建構韌性防災機場」計畫，針對過往痛點強化防護。
Typhoons have flooded the basement baggage reclaim area in the past, seriously disrupting services and the airport’s image.
According to IPCC AR6 and Taiwan’s Climate Change Science Report, the frequency of intense typhoons striking Taiwan is projected to rise by 50% by the end of the century, with rainfall intensity rising sharply. A TCFD assessment identified extreme rainfall as the top risk, so in 2021 the airport launched its resilience programme to address these past weak points.
+0%世紀末強烈颱風侵臺率Intense typhoons striking Taiwan by 2100
No.1TCFD 鑑別首要風險：暴雨Top TCFD risk: extreme rainfall
0項風險議題：轉型 5 項＋實體 5 項risks ranked: 5 transition + 5 physical
SSP5-8.5採用 IPCC AR6 高排放情境與 TCCIP 資料IPCC AR6 high-emission scenario with TCCIP data
01
從氣候風險，走向調適決策From climate risk to adaptation decisions
暴雨衝擊分析Trace rainfall impacts
將暴雨與瞬間強降雨列為關鍵實體風險，盤點營運活動與潛在衝擊，連結相關財務影響。Trace how extreme rainfall affects airport activities and assets, then connect those impacts with financial exposure.
優先風險：暴雨Priority: extreme rainfall
暴雨／瞬間強降雨Extreme rainfall
營運活動與設施Activities & assets
潛在衝擊Potential impacts
財務影響Financial exposure
依原始資料重排之分析流程摘要；完整風險矩陣與衝擊路徑請展開下方資料圖。Summary adapted from the source figure. Expand below for the complete matrix and impact pathways.
查看原始資料圖View original source figure
實戰驗證Tested by a real storm
強烈颱風山陀兒Super Typhoon Krathon
2024 年 10 月，強烈颱風山陀兒直接登陸機場所在區域，最大陣風達 17 級，並降下致災性豪雨。城市地區嚴重淹水、交通停駛，17 級強風更造成機場陸側 40 年老樹倒塌；但在機場空側，防風防洪及排水措施全面發揮效能。
In October 2024, Super Typhoon Krathon made landfall right where the airport stands, with gusts up to Beaufort Force 17 and disastrous rainfall. The city suffered severe flooding and transport shutdowns, and the winds toppled 40-year-old trees on the airport’s landside — yet on the airside, every wind, flood and drainage measure did its job.
9零淹水Zero flooding航廈與跑道Terminals and runways
9零損毀Zero damage關鍵機電與空橋設備Critical E&M systems and jet bridges
9零傷亡Zero casualties全體人員安全Everyone kept safe
NT$0億≈US$0M
避免的潛在設備資產損失；風災後當日即恢復營運，尚不含難以估計的營運損失。in potential asset losses avoided. Operations resumed the same day — not counting operational losses that are hard to estimate.
02
同一場風雨，兩種結果One storm, contrasting outcomes
城市地區淹水Flooding in the city
豪雨造成城市積淹水與交通停駛。Heavy rainfall flooded urban areas and disrupted transport.
陸側：老樹倒塌Landside: fallen trees
17 級強風造成機場陸側 40 年老樹倒塌。Force 17 gusts toppled 40-year-old trees on the airport’s landside.
空側：設施發揮防護效能Airside: protection held
防風、防洪與排水措施發揮效能，支撐營運恢復。Wind, flood and drainage measures supported the recovery of operations.
查看原始資料圖View original source figure
計畫內容Project Description
兩大支柱，全方位調適Two pillars of adaptation
完善的管理制度Robust management systems
- 風險鑑別採用 IPCC AR6（SSP1-2.6／SSP5-8.5）情境與 TCCIP 資料，精準鑑別關鍵實體風險。Applied IPCC AR6 scenarios (SSP1-2.6 / SSP5-8.5) and TCCIP data to pinpoint critical physical risks.
- 整備演練落實汛期前整備、全場巡檢及跨單位演練與教育訓練，深化防災意識與應變能力。Pre-flood-season preparation, airport-wide inspections, and cross-agency drills and training deepen awareness and response capability.
- 首創系統首創整合氣象與航班資訊之「雷雨告警系統」，強化資訊透明度與應變效率。A first-of-its-kind Thunderstorm Alert System combines weather and flight data, improving transparency and response efficiency.
- 財務避險針對資產及旅客投保「颱風洪水險」，分散財務風險。Typhoon and flood insurance for assets and passengers spreads financial risk.
具韌性的基礎建設Resilient infrastructure
- 既有設施挹注新台幣 24.3 億元（佔年度資本支出 60%），優化機場排水與滯洪系統、汰換耐 17 級強風新式空橋及強化屋頂防水。approximately US$78.01 million (60% of annual capital expenditure) invested in upgraded drainage and detention systems, new jet bridges rated for Force 17 winds, and reinforced roof waterproofing.
- 新航廈新航廈工程編列新台幣 880 億元經費，延續海綿城市設計，導入滯洪池、地基抬升、防水閘門及截水溝等設計。The new terminal project, with a budget of approximately US$2.81 billion, continues the sponge-city approach, with detention ponds, raised foundations, flood gates and interceptor drains.
NT$0億≈US$0m
調適投資，佔年度資本支出 60%，為最優先投資項目Adaptation investment — 60% of annual capex, the top investment priority
0座新式空橋new jet bridges
可承受國際蒲福等級最高 17 級強風；颱風來臨前固定空橋基樁，確保設備穩定Rated for winds up to Beaufort Force 17; bridge bases are anchored before each typhoon
0m³
滯洪池總容量，相當於 11 座標準泳池；2023 年完成滑行道系統流管制設施改善工程Total detention capacity — about 11 standard swimming pools; taxiway flow-control upgrade completed in 2023
新航廈：海綿城市設計New terminal: sponge-city design
NT$0億元≈US$0bn
滯洪池、地基抬升、防水閘門與截水溝——把雨水留住、讓它慢慢滲入，而不是淹進航廈。Detention ponds, raised foundations, flood gates and interceptor drains — holding rain back and letting it soak in slowly, instead of flooding the terminal.
03
把韌性，落實在設施細節Resilience built into infrastructure
串聯滯洪與排水系統Integrated detention & drainage
2023 年完成滑行道系統、流管制設施改善工程，設置滯洪池並整合排水系統，降低洪峰流量。The 2023 taxiway flow-control upgrade combined detention ponds and drainage to reduce peak flood flows.
新式空橋，強化抗風Jet bridges with greater wind resistance
16 座新式空橋設備，可承受最高 17 級強風。16 new jet bridges rated for winds up to Force 17.
颱風前的固定作業Anchoring before a typhoon
固定空橋基樁，確保設備穩定與安全。Bridge bases are anchored to secure equipment before a typhoon.
查看原始資料圖View original source figure
利害關係人參與Stakeholder engagement
韌性，最終靠人In the end, resilience is people
0
小時｜五年累積教育訓練hours of training over five years
由航空站主任領導氣候應變小組，每年舉辦跨單位聯合災害演練及汛期前整備，成功建構氣候防禦組織文化。
計畫範圍涵蓋機場土地內之基礎設施、既有建築物與興建中的新航廈；參與者包含航空站員工、航空公司、駐站單位、設備廠商、旅客、主管機關與周邊社區。2025 年更以「氣候變遷調適」為主題規劃專題演講，探討臺灣氣候災害情境案例、國家政策推動與調適能力建構方向。
The Airport Director leads the climate response task force. Joint cross-agency disaster drills and pre-flood-season preparation are held every year, building an organisational culture of climate defence.
The project covers infrastructure across airport land, existing buildings and the new terminal under construction. Participants include airport staff, airlines, on-site agencies, equipment vendors, passengers, regulators and neighbouring communities. In 2025, a lecture series on climate change adaptation explored Taiwan’s climate-disaster cases, national policy and how to build adaptive capacity.
04
讓準備，成為共同的日常Making preparedness a shared practice
夜間災害防救演習Night-time emergency drill
2025 年水災暨場內夜間空難災害防救演習。2025 flood and night-time air-crash emergency response exercise.
跨單位應變協作Coordinated emergency response
透過現場演練，深化跨單位應變與支援能力。Practical drills strengthen coordination and support across units.
氣候調適教育訓練Climate adaptation training
以氣候變遷調適為主題，探討災害風險情境、國家政策與調適能力建構。Training addresses climate-related disaster scenarios, national policy and adaptation capacity.
查看原始資料圖View original source figure
計畫歷程Milestones
2021–2026，一步一步走來Step by step, 2021–2026
2021
啟動「以科學為基礎之氣候變遷調適，建構韌性防災機場」計畫“Science-Based Climate Adaptation to Build a Disaster-Resilient Airport” launched
依循《國家氣候變遷調適行動計畫》，以 TCFD 鑑別暴雨為首要風險。Following the National Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan, with extreme rainfall identified as the top TCFD risk.
2023
滑行道系統流管制設施改善工程完成Taxiway flow-control upgrade completed
設置滯洪池並整合排水系統，有效降低洪峰流量。Detention ponds integrated with drainage effectively reduce peak flood flows.
2024.10
強烈颱風山陀兒實戰考驗Super Typhoon Krathon — the real test
零淹水、零損毀、零傷亡，當日恢復營運。Zero flooding, zero damage, zero casualties; operations resumed the same day.
2025
水災暨夜間空難災害防救演習、氣候調適教育訓練Flood and night-time air-crash drill; climate adaptation training
深化跨單位應變能力與氣候意識。Strengthening cross-agency response and climate awareness.
2026
2026ACI亞太暨中東區綠色機場評比白金獎2026 ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East Green Airports Recognition ,Platinum Award
綠色機場評比十週年，主題為氣候變遷調適。The tenth anniversary of the recognition, themed on climate change adaptation.
計畫成效Results and benefits
六大項具體成果Six Tangible Outcomes
管理階層參與Management involvement
航空站主任領導氣候應變小組，將氣候調適列為最優先投資項目，爭取 24.3 億元專案經費用於滯洪與抗風工程升級。The Airport Director leads the climate task force and made adaptation the top investment priority, securing approximately US$77.7 million for flood-detention and wind-resistance upgrades.
成本效益Cost effectiveness
山陀兒過境當日恢復營運，估計避免設備損失新台幣 4.5 億元，尚不含難以估計的營運損失。Operations resumed the day Krathon passed, avoiding an estimated approximately US$14.4 million in equipment losses, excluding hard-to-estimate operating losses.
創新性Innovation
導入海綿城市概念，並首創整合即時氣象與航班資訊的「雷雨告警系統」，讓旅客即時掌握天候影響、降低候機焦慮。Sponge-city design, plus a first-of-its-kind Thunderstorm Alert System combining live weather and flight data so passengers know how weather affects them and wait with less anxiety.
社會效益Social benefit
27,501 立方公尺滯洪池不僅保護機場，更發揮區域滯洪功能，調節洪峰並降低周邊社區淹水風險。The 27,501 m³ detention ponds protect not only the airport but the surrounding area, moderating flood peaks and lowering flood risk for neighbouring communities.
利害關係人參與及環境意識Stakeholders and awareness
五年累積 3,426 小時訓練，每年舉辦跨單位聯合災害演練及汛期前整備。3,426 training hours over five years, with joint cross-agency drills and pre-flood-season preparation every year.
適用性Applicability
面對強風暴雨直擊所展現的成效，可作為亞太地區其他受颱風豪雨威脅機場的參考。Proven under a direct hit, the approach can serve as a reference for other typhoon- and rain-exposed airports across Asia-Pacific.
國際肯定International recognition
2026ACI亞太暨中東區綠色機場評比白金獎2026 ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East Green Airports Recognition ,Platinum Award
ACI 亞太暨中東地區綠色機場評比於 2026 年邁入第十週年，以「氣候變遷調適」為主題，表揚在氣候韌性與調適上有卓越成就的會員機場。評審依環境意識與效益、管理階層參與、成本效益、創新性、利害關係人參與、社會效益與適用性七項準則評分。
The ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East Green Airports Recognition marked its tenth anniversary in 2026 with the theme of Climate Change Adaptation, recognising member airports with outstanding achievements in climate resilience. Entries were scored on seven criteria: environmental awareness and benefit, management involvement, cost effectiveness, innovation, stakeholder engagement, social benefit, and applicability.
2026ACI亞太暨中東區綠色機場評比白金獎2026 ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East Green Airports Recognition ,Platinum AwardGAR 2026 · Climate Change Adaptation
減碳守護地球，
調適守護你我Cutting carbon protects our planet. Adaptation protects us all.